中文题名 / Chinese title: 曾被认为属于哺乳动物的心肺相互作用也存在于原始肺鱼中
英文题名 / English title: Cardiorespiratory interactions previously identified as mammalian are present in the primitive lungfish.
作者 / Authors: Monteiro DA, Taylor EW, Sartori MR, Cruz AL, Rantin FT, Leite CAC.
期刊 / Journal: Science Advances
年份 / Year: 2018
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq0800
论文链接 / Article: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaq0800
摘要来源 / Abstract source: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/29507882

英文摘要原文 / Original English abstract
The present study has revealed that the lungfish has both structural and functional features of its system for physiological control of heart rate, previously considered solely mammalian, that together generate variability (HRV). Ultrastructural and electrophysiological investigation revealed that the nerves connecting the brain to the heart are myelinated, conferring rapid conduction velocities, comparable to mammalian fibers that generate instantaneous changes in heart rate at the onset of each air breath. These respiration-related changes in beat-to-beat cardiac intervals were detected by complex analysis of HRV and shown to maximize oxygen uptake per breath, a causal relationship never conclusively demonstrated in mammals. Cardiac vagal preganglionic neurons, responsible for controlling heart rate via the parasympathetic vagus nerve, were shown to have multiple locations, chiefly within the dorsal vagal motor nucleus that may enable interactive control of the circulatory and respiratory systems, similar to that described for tetrapods. The present illustration of an apparently highly evolved control system for HRV in a fish with a proven ancient lineage, based on paleontological, morphological, and recent genetic evidence, questions much of the anthropocentric thinking implied by some mammalian physiologists and encouraged by many psychobiologists. It is possible that some characteristics of mammalian respiratory sinus arrhythmia, for which functional roles have been sought, are evolutionary relics that had their physiological role defined in ancient representatives of the vertebrates with undivided circulatory systems.

摘要依据的主要发现 / Findings based on the abstract
肺鱼具有有髓鞘的心脏神经和与呼吸相联的心率变异，可提高每次呼吸的摄氧量。其神经控制特征类似四足动物，尽管循环系统尚未完全分隔。
Lungfish possess myelinated cardiac nerves and breath-linked heart-rate variability that increases oxygen uptake per breath. Neural control features resemble those described in tetrapods despite the fish's undivided circulation.

摘要依据的结论 / Conclusions based on the abstract
常被视为哺乳动物独有的生理协调机制可能具有更古老的脊椎动物起源与功能。
Physiological coordination often regarded as uniquely mammalian may have ancient vertebrate origins and functions.

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