Source / 来源: 讲解手册/珍奇柜-鳍展签四审_0923.pdf
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来源转录；保留原展签措辞。OCR可能包含识别误差，请核对PDF或图像。

南美肺鱼
现生肺鱼中的呼吸特化代表
南美肺鱼是南美洲唯一一种现生肺鱼，
主要栖息在亚马孙河、巴拉圭河及巴拉
那河流域的沼泽和静水中。外形酷似大
型鳗鱼或蝾螈，最大体长可达1.25 米。
成体的腮呼吸功能明显退化，具有发达
的成对肺，必须定期到水面呼吸空气。
与非洲肺鱼结茧夏眠的策略不同，当旱
季来临时，南美肺鱼会钻入30 至50的
厘米深泥层，用泥土封堵泥洞顶部，仅
保留若干呼吸孔，在洞穴内依靠低代谢
和肺呼吸度过旱季。
Lepidosiren paradoxa
A Respiratory Specialist Among Living Lungfishes 
The South American lungfish is the only extant lungfish
species in South America. It mainly inhabits swamps and 
still waters in the Amazon, Paraguay, and Paraná river 
basins. Its body resembles a large eel or salamander, 
reaching up to about 1.25 m in length. Its gills are highly 
reduced, and respiration depends largely on a pair of lungs 
that take oxygen directly from the air. Thus it must 
regularly surface to breath air. Unlike African lungfishes, 
which form a mucus cocoon during aestivation, the South 
American lungfish burrows 30–50 cm into the mud when 
the dry season arrives, seals the top of the burrow with 
mud while retaining a few breathing openings, and 
survives by lowering its metabolism and breathing with its 
lungs.