Diversity and function of adaptive immune receptors in a jawless vertebrate.
无颌脊椎动物适应性免疫受体的多样性与功能

Authors / 作者: Alder MN, Rogozin IB, Iyer LM, Glazko GV, Cooper MD, Pancer Z.
Journal / 期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
Year / 年份: 2005
DOI: 10.1126/science.1119420
Publisher / 出版社: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1119420
Abstract source / 摘要来源: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/16373579

Author abstract / 作者原文摘要
Instead of the immunoglobulin-type antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates, jawless fish have variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs), which consist of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) modules. Somatic diversification of the VLR gene is shown here to occur through a multistep assembly of LRR modules randomly selected from a large bank of flanking cassettes. The predicted concave surface of the VLR is lined with hypervariable positively selected residues, and computational analysis suggests a repertoire of about 10(14) unique receptors. Lamprey immunized with anthrax spores responded with the production of soluble antigen-specific VLRs. These findings reveal that two strikingly different modes of antigen recognition through rearranged lymphocyte receptors have evolved in the jawless and jawed vertebrates.

Summary basis / 解读依据
摘要解读依据已查看的索引作者摘要；如已保存全文，可用于进一步阅读。
Summary based on the inspected indexed author abstract; archived full text, when available, is provided for further reading.

Key findings / 主要发现
七鳃鳗的可变淋巴细胞受体通过多步骤过程，由富亮氨酸重复序列片段组装而成。免疫后的七鳃鳗产生可溶性的抗原特异性受体，序列分析显示其潜在识别库极为庞大。
Lamprey variable lymphocyte receptors are assembled from leucine-rich-repeat cassettes through a multistep diversification process. Immunized lampreys produced soluble antigen-specific receptors, and sequence analysis indicated an extremely large potential recognition repertoire.

Conclusions / 结论
无颌类和有颌类演化出本质不同的受体重排系统来实现适应性抗原识别，表明复杂免疫功能可由不同分子结构形成。
Jawless and jawed vertebrates evolved fundamentally different rearranging receptor systems for adaptive antigen recognition, demonstrating that immunological complexity can arise through distinct molecular architectures.

Relevance / 关联说明
直接研究清单物种，或研究广义类群中的代表物种。
Direct research on the listed species or a representative of the broadly named group.